The world population, as reported in June 2018, is a staggering 7.6 billion. It is estimated that this number will rise to 8.5 billion by 2030. With the rapid growth in world population, food consumption worldwide also grows rapidly. A rapid escalation in food production to cater to the growing demand is not an easy task. Agriculture is the oldest industry has evolved so far from the age of what can now be termed as The Third Green Revolution. The world is witnessing yet another fundamental modification with the wake of a new industrial revolution that employs the application of modern Information and Communication Technologies into agriculture, in order to deliver a sustainable agricultural production.

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Smart agriculture involves the integration of advanced technologies into already persisting agricultural practices with a view to boosting product quality and efficiency for farming products. It helps in automated farming with the collection of data for further analysis to provide the operator with accurate information for better decision making to gain high-quality output of the product. A technically advanced farming management system rooted in observing, measuring and responding to inter and intra-field variableness in products. The goal of smart agriculture research is to ground a decision making support system for farm management. A system that optimises and examines how high-tech farming can aid the production output as well as focuses on the preservation of resources.